species

Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758)

CollectionObject 1561096; 2a079f43-9b37-4ac6-afbc-bef84a993265, UZIU 1815: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. female of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (lectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1561096; 2a079f43-9b37-4ac6-afbc-bef84a993265, UZIU 1815: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. female: head and thorax of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (lectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1561097; UZIU 1816, e96bfe89-dba6-4de4-ba16-0f7128bb20f1: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. female juv. of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1561098; UZIU 1817, 7557c1a9-b963-4783-ba5e-0e6cd0ddd5e8: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. male of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1561098; UZIU 1817, 7557c1a9-b963-4783-ba5e-0e6cd0ddd5e8: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. male: head and thorax, dorsal view of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1561098; UZIU 1817, 7557c1a9-b963-4783-ba5e-0e6cd0ddd5e8: copyright UZIU, Uppsala. male: end of abdomen, dorsal view of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

Nomenclature (91)

Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758: 425.
Lectotype; female; UZIU 1815; deposited at: Uppsala University (UZIU); Indonesia: Maluku: Ambon Island 'Amboina'
Mantis gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Fabricius, 1775: 274.
... Show all ... (87)

Mantis gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Fabricius, 1787: 227.
Mantis gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Fabricius, 1793: 14.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796: 77.
Syntype; 14253b18-254a-46cb-a4b6-51ab79668552; Indonesia: Maluku: Ambon Island 'Amboina'
Mantis gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Lichtenstein, 1796: 77. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Fabricius, 1798: 187.
Mantis gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Donovan, 1800: Pl. 9. Image or description
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Latreille, 1807: 87. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Stoll, 1813: pl. 2:5, app..
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Thunberg, 1815: 296.
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Latreille, Le Peletier, Audinet-Serville & Guérin-Méneville, 1828: 445. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Guérin-Méneville, 1829: Pl. 53: 3. Image or description
Cyphocrana bauvoisi [sic] Audinet-Serville, 1831
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831: 60.
Syntype; e11ae7ba-aea6-4665-9d34-1aa3f30051b7;
Cyphocrana bauvoisi [sic] Audinet-Serville, 1831 (incorrect original spelling of Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831)
Cyphocrana bauvoisi [sic] Audinet-Serville, 1831 (incorrect original spelling of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758)
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Audinet-Serville, 1831: 60.
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 in Gray, 1835: 35.
Cyphocrana empusa (Lichtenstein, 1796) in Gray, 1835: 35.
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Gray, 1835: 35.
Cyphocrania [sic] beauvoisii [sic] (Audinet-Serville, 1831) in Burmeister, 1838: 579.
Cyphocrania [sic] beauvoisii [sic] (Audinet-Serville, 1831) (misspelling of Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831) in Burmeister, 1838: 579. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrana empusa (Lichtenstein, 1796) in Audinet-Serville, 1838: 237. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Audinet-Serville, 1838: 237.
Cyphocrania [sic] empusa (Lichtenstein, 1796) in Burmeister, 1838: 579.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Burmeister, 1838: 579.
Cyphocrana empusa (Lichtenstein, 1796) in Burmeister, 1840: 38. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Burmeister, 1840: 38.
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in de Caumont Laporte, comte de Castelnau, 1840: 15. Image or description
Phasma (Cyphocrania) [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Haan, 1842: 129, pl. 14:3.
Cyphocrana gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Guérin-Méneville, 1844: Pl. 53: 3. Image or description
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (synonym of Cyphocrania [sic] beauvoisii [sic] (Audinet-Serville, 1831)) in Westwood, 1859: 108.
Cyphocrania [sic] beauvoisii [sic] (Audinet-Serville, 1831) (misspelling of Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831) in Westwood, 1859: 108. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Westwood, 1859: 106.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Kaup, 1871: 21, pl. 1:17.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Stål, 1875: 83.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Kirby, 1884: 477. Specimen or distribution
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Kirby, 1904: 439.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Kirby, 1904: 390.
Eurycnema beauvoisi (Audinet-Serville, 1831) in Kirby, 1904: 392.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Kirby, 1904: 390.
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Redtenbacher, 1908: 467.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Redtenbacher, 1908: 467.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Redtenbacher, 1908: 467.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Giglio-Tos, 1910: 44.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bruner, 1915: 235.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Foucher, 1916: 706-713.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Günther, 1929: 627.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Günther, 1932: 784.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Roberts, 1941: 11.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Key, 1960: 235-240.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in China & Riley, 1962: 19.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bedford, 1978: 133.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Sellick, 1980: 124, fig. 75. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Passerin d' Entrèves, 1981: 58. Specimen or distribution
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Vanschuytbroeck & Cools, 1981: 18. Specimen or distribution
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Marshall, 1983: 387. Specimen or distribution
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Preston-Mafham, 1990: 58, 82. Behavior
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 1992: 13, 62.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Kerzhner, 1994: 113. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 in Anonymous, 1995: 285. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 1997: 181.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann & Conle, 1997: 293.
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Herwaarden, 1998: 86.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Herwaarden, 1998: 86.
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 1998: 63.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Sellick, 1998: 225. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Herwaarden, 1998: 86.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann, 1998: 123.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 1999: 24, pl. 2a-b.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Seiler, Bradler & Koch, 2000: 107, figs.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bushell, 2000: 20.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 2000: 9. Image or description
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bragg, 2001: 400.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Baxter, 2002: 13.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 2002: 3, figs. 2-3.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock, 2003: 62.
Cyphocrania [sic] gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Zompro, 2004: 92.
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 266.
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 266.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 265.
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Buckley, Attanayake & Bradler, 2009: 1056, fig. 1g. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Harman, 2014: 20. Life history
Cyphocrana beauvoisi Audinet-Serville, 1831 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann, Conle & Suzuki, 2015: 47. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma empusa Lichtenstein, 1796 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Mantis) gigas Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann, Conle & Suzuki, 2015: 47. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann, Conle & Suzuki, 2015: 46, figs. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Conle & Hennemann, 2018: 117. Specimen or distribution
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Hennemann, 2021: 173. Specimen or distribution

Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Brock & Büscher, 2022: pl. 7.1 & 27.2, 558. Image or description; Specimen or distribution
Phasma gigas (Linnaeus, 1758) in Harman, 2022: 22. Specimen or distribution

Nomenclature references (67)

Anonymous (1995) Opinion 1820. A.A.H. Lichtenstein's (1796, 1797) Catalogus musei zoologici.. Sectio tertia. Continens Insecta and D.H. Schneider's (1800) Verzeichniss einer Parthei Insekten... : suppressed, with conservation of some Lichtenstein (1796) names (Insecta and Arachnida). The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 52(3), 283–285. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/44798#page/309/mode/1up
Audinet-Serville, J.G. (1831) Revue Méthodique des Insectes de l’ordre des Ortoptères. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zool. Paris, 22, 28–29, 56–65. Available at http://https://biodiversitylibrary. org/page/6095939
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Bedford, G.O. (1978) Biology and ecology of the Phasmatodea. Annual Review of Entomology, 23, 125–149. Available at http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.23.010178.001013

Bragg, P.E. (2001) Phasmids of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 771 pp. Available at http://www.nhpborneo.com/book/phasmids-of-borneo/

Brock, P.D. & Büscher, T.H. (2022) Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids. NAP Editions, France: Verrières-le-Buisson, 612 pp. Available at http://www.napeditions.com/en/67-stick-and-leaf-insects-of-the-world.html

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Brock, P.D. (1997) Breeding the stick-insect Phasma gigas (L.) from Papua, New Guinea. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist’s Society, 56(414), 181–184, pl. 1–4. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/179092#page/267/mode/1up

Brock, P.D. (1998) Studies on the stick-insect genus Eurycnema Audinet-Serville (Phasmida: Phasmatidae) with particular reference to Australian species. Journal of Orthoptera Research, 7, 61–70. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/3503495?seq=1

Brock, P.D. (1999) In The amazing world of stick and leaf-insects. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, Orpington. Vol. 26, 1–165; 40 pp color plates. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/the-amazing-world-of-stick-and-leaf-insects.html

Brock, P.D. (2000) Phasmid Postcards. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 83, 9 & front cover.

Brock, P.D. (2002) Linnaean stick and leaf insect type material (Insecta: Phasmida). Bulletin de Phyllie, 11(1), 3–8. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/347512032_Brock2002_Linn

Brock, P.D. (2003) Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. Revised Edition. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, London, Vol. 22, 89 pp. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/rearing-and-studying-stick-and-leaf-insects.html

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Burmeister, H.C.C. (1838) In Handbuch der Entomologie. T.C.F. Enslin, Berlin. Vol. 2, 457–756 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8135

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Descendants and synonyms

Stats

Summary of taxonomic names by rank, showing valid extant names, fossil names, invalid names, and total counts.
Taxon	Valid names
Rank	Extant	Fossil	Invalid	Total
species	1	0	12	13