Phasmida Species FilePhasmida Species File

species

Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907

Laboratory Stick-insect; Indian Stick-insect

copyright MNHN, Paris. female, lateral view (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595957; c5b8d3dd-78a3-4c2e-97af-2cdd738980b3, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. female, lateral view (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595957; c5b8d3dd-78a3-4c2e-97af-2cdd738980b3, a CollectionObject.
copyright Paul Brock. female, South Africa: Constantia Nek, Western Cape Province, 13.ix.1998. Depicts Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907, an Otu.
copyright MNHN, Paris. male, type data (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595956; b80e3ed5-5487-4b4d-8f6c-10dfed95b78c, a CollectionObject.
copyright Paul Brock. St Mary's, Isles of Scilly, September 2013. Depicts Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907, an Otu.
copyright MNHN, Paris. male, lateral view (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595956; b80e3ed5-5487-4b4d-8f6c-10dfed95b78c, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. female (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595957; c5b8d3dd-78a3-4c2e-97af-2cdd738980b3, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. male (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595956; b80e3ed5-5487-4b4d-8f6c-10dfed95b78c, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. female (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1557718; d493d077-105a-413b-b0fe-970d9f7be5ee, a CollectionObject.;copyright MNHN, Paris. female (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1557719; c43a70c9-8b86-4ebc-9533-98b8a25d5a2a, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. female, data labels (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1557718; d493d077-105a-413b-b0fe-970d9f7be5ee, a CollectionObject.;copyright MNHN, Paris. female, data labels (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1557719; c43a70c9-8b86-4ebc-9533-98b8a25d5a2a, a CollectionObject.
copyright MNHN, Paris. female, data labels (syntype). Depicts CollectionObject 1595957; c5b8d3dd-78a3-4c2e-97af-2cdd738980b3, a CollectionObject.

Nomenclature (220)

  • Dixippus morosus (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907) in Schmitz, 1906: 385-407.
  • Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907: 268.

    Syntype; male; d493d077-105a-413b-b0fe-970d9f7be5ee; deposited at: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN); India: Shembagonur. Syntype; female; c43a70c9-8b86-4ebc-9533-98b8a25d5a2a; deposited at: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN); India: Shembagonur. Syntype; male; b80e3ed5-5487-4b4d-8f6c-10dfed95b78c; deposited at: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN); India: Mission Maduré. Syntypes (n= 2); female; c5b8d3dd-78a3-4c2e-97af-2cdd738980b3; deposited at: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN); India. Syntype; female; a9fe88bf-d48d-4388-88b4-6bcfebbcff05; deposited at: Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN); India: Kod[ikanel]

  • ... Show all ... (216)
  • Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 in Luna, 2022: 94. Specimen or distribution
  • Carausius morosus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907 in McGavin & Davranoglou, 2023: 116.

Nomenclature references (220)

  • Aguiar, A.M.F., Aguín-Pombo, D. & Gonçalves, Y.M. (2014) Identification, rearing, and distribution of stick insects of Madeira Island: An example of raising biodiversity awareness. Journal of Insect Science, 14(49), 1–13. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/261526771_Identification_Rearing_and_Distribution_of_Stick_Insects_of_Madeira_Island_An_Example_of_Raising_Biodiversity_Awareness
  • Alderton, D. (1992) A Step-by-Step book about Stick Insects. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., 64 pp.
  • ... Show all ... (216)
  • Alderton, D. (1997) Your first stick insect. Kingdom Books, Havant, 31 pp.
  • Alderton, D. (2002) How to Care for your Stick Insect. Kingdom Books, Havant, 34 pp.
  • Anonymous (2002, December) In Stick Insects L227. School Science Service, Uxbridge.
  • Baccetti, B. (1987) Spermatozoa and stick insects phylogeny. In M. Mazzini & V. Scali (Eds.). Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena. University of Siena. pp. 117–124. [1986]
  • Baessler, U., Sauer, A.E. & Büschges, A. (2003) Vibration signals from the FT joint can induce phase transitions in both directions in motoneuron pools of the stick insect walking system. Journal of Neurobiology, 56(2), 125–138.
  • Baker, E.W. (2015) The worldwide status of phasmids (Insecta: Phasmida) as pests of agriculture and forestry, with a generalised theory of phasmid outbreaks. Agriculture & Food Security, 4(22), 1–19. Available at http://agricultureandfoodsecurity.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40066-015-0040-6
  • Barnard, P.C. (2011) 12 Order Phasmida: the stick-insects. In The Royal Entomological Society Book of British Insects. Wiley-Blackwell. 1–383 [phasmid section 64–66]. Available at http://www.royensoc.co.uk/publications/books/royal-entomological-society-book-british-insects
  • Bart, A. (1965) Induction expérementale d'une morphogenèse accompagnant ou non la régénération de la patte de Carausius morosus Br. Compte Rendu Académie des Sciences, Paris, 261, 5619–5622, pl. 1.
  • Bart, A. (1965) Sur l'origine des formations surnuméraires au cours de la régénération des pattes chez Carausius morosus Br. Compte Rendu Académie des Sciences, Paris, 261, 1901–1903.
  • Bart, A. (1966) Transformation expérimentale du trochanter en fémur chez Carausius morosus Br. Compte Rendu Académie des Sciences, Paris, 262, 2163–2165.
  • Basden, E.B. (1955) Egg-laying of the stick insect (Carausius morosus Brunner) (Orthop., Phasmidae). The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, 61, 201–202.
  • Bauchhenss (1971) In Carausius morosus Br. Stabheuschrecke.: Vol. 1-53, 40 figs. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
  • Baume, L. (1908) Beobachtungen an lebenden Phasmiden in der Gefangenschaft. Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche Insektenbiologie, 4, 52–57. Available at http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Zeitschrift-wiss-Insektenbiologie_4_0052-0057.pdf
  • Baxter, R.N. (2002) Rearing Stick and Leaf Insects. Chudleigh Publishing, Ilford, 103 pp. Available at http://www.pemberleybooks.com/product/rearing-stick-and-leaf-insects/5624/
  • Beadle, D.J. (1972) Structural differentiation in the mid-gut epithelium of the phasmid Carausius morosus Brunner. Journal of Entomology (A), 47(1), 71–83, 14 figs.
  • Bedford, G.O. (1978) Biology and ecology of the Phasmatodea. Annual Review of Entomology, 23, 125–149. Available at http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.23.010178.001013
  • Bergerard, J. (1958) Production expérimentale du gynandromorphisme chez Carausius morosus Br. (Phasmidae). Comptes Rendus Hébdomaraires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 246, 1930–1933.
  • Bergerard, J. (1961) Analyse de la période sensible à la température pour la diff érenciation sexuelle de Carausius morosus Br. (Phasmidae). Comptes Rendus Hébdomaraires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, 255, 2149–2151.
  • Bergerard, J. (1962) Parthenogenesis in the Phasmidae (Faits étranges de la reproduction des Phasmides). Endeavour, 21, 137–143.
  • Bergerard, J. (1972) Environmental and physiological control of sex determination and differentiation. Annual Review of Entomology, 17(1), 57–74. Available at http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.en.17.010172.000421
  • Bonnet, B., Ducret, A. & Trystram, M. (2007) Protocoles expérimenteaux sur les changements de couleur liés à l'environnement (Insecta: Phasmatodea) [Experimental protocols on the changes of color bound to the environment (Insecta: Phasmatodea). Le Bulletin d'Arthropoda, 30(4), 39–47, figs.
  • Borgmann, A., Scharstein, H. & Büschges, A. (2007) Intersegmental Coordination: Influence of a Single Walking Leg on the Neighboring Segments in the Stick Insect Walking System. Journal of Neurophysiology, 98, 1685–1696. Available at http://faculty.bennington.edu/~sherman/neuro/J%20Neurophysiol-2007-Borgmann-1685-96.pdf
  • Bradler, S. & Buckley, T.R. (2018) 11. Biodiversity of Phasmatodea. In Insect Biodiversity: Science and Society. Volume 2. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. pp. 281–313. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/326051925_Biodiversity_of_Phasmatodea
  • Bradler, S. (2015) Der Phasmatodea Tree of Life: Überraschendes und Ungeklärtes in der Stabschrecken-Evolution [The Phasmatodea Tree of Life: Surprising Facts and Open Questions in the Evolution of Stick and Leaf Insects]. Entomologie heute, 27, 1–23. Available at http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Entomologie-heute_27_0001-0023.pdf
  • Bradley, J.T. & Giorgi, F. (1987) Endocrine control of insect vitellogenesis: is the stick insect exceptional? In M. Mazzini & V. Scali (Eds.). Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena. University of Siena. pp. 11–19. [1986]
  • Brock, P.D. & Büscher, T.H. (2022) Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids. NAP Editions, France: Verrières-le-Buisson, 612 pp. Available at http://www.napeditions.com/en/67-stick-and-leaf-insects-of-the-world.html
  • Brock, P.D. (1985) In The Phasmid Rearer’s Handbook (Stick Insects and Leaf Insects). The Amateur Entomologists’ Society. The Amateur Entomologist Vol. 20, Feltham. 41 pp.
  • Brock, P.D. (1992) New Edition. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, London, Vol. 22, 73 pp. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/rearing-and-studying-stick-and-leaf-insects.html
  • Brock, P.D. (1995) An introduction to the world of stick & leaf insects. 25-27. Insect World International, 1(1), 25–27.
  • Brock, P.D. (1999) New records of alien stick-insects. Phasmid Studies, 7(2), 39–40. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/207263#page/41/mode/1up
  • Brock, P.D. (2000) A complete guide to breeding Stick and Leaf Insects. Kingdom Books, Havant, 1–67 pp.
  • Brock, P.D. (2000) Stick-Insects (Phasmida) from the Cape-Town area, South Africa. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist’s Society, 59(428), 2–12, pl. 00A–00D. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/179091#page/28/mode/1up
  • Brock, P.D. (2003) Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. Revised Edition. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, London, Vol. 22, 89 pp. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/rearing-and-studying-stick-and-leaf-insects.html
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  • Brock, P.D. (2014) Alien Phasmids Spreading on the Isles of Scilly. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 133, 15–18, figs.
  • Brock, P.D. (2014) In A comprehensive guide to insects of Britain & Ireland. Pisces Publications, Newbury. Available at http://www.naturebureau.co.uk/a-comprehensive-guide-to-insects-of-britain-ireland-new-and-revised-edition
  • Brock, P.D. (2017) In A photographic guide to insects of southern Europe & the Mediterranean. Pisces Publications, Newbury. Available at http://www.naturebureau.co.uk/a-photographic-guide-to-insects-of-southern-europe-and-the-mediterranean
  • Brock, P.D. (2021) Britain's Insects: A Field Guide to the Insects of Great Britain and Ireland. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Woodstock. Available at http://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691179278/britains-insects
  • Brunner von Wattenwyl, K.F. (1907) Phasmidae Anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). In Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden: Vol. II. Verlag Engelmann, Leipzig. 181–338, pls 7–15. [in German] Available at http://www.archive.org/details/DieInsektenfamilieDerPhasmiden.Vol.Ii.PhasmidaeAnareolataeclitumnini
  • Bucher, D., Akay, T., DiCaprio, R.A. & Büschges, A. (2003) Interjoint coordination in the stick insect leg-control system: The role of positional signaling. Journal of Neurophysiology Bethesda, 89(3), 1245–1255.
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  • Bueckmann, D. & Maisch, A. (2006) Kunstfutter fuer die Stabheuschrecke Carausius morosus and der Einfluss des Nahrungsangebotes auf Entwicklung and Fertilitaet (Phasmida: Phasmatidae). An artificial diet for the stick insect Carausius morosus and the influence of the feedingconditions on development and fertility. Entomologia Generalis, Stuttgart, 28(4), 297–310.
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  • Bullini, L. & Nascetti, G. (1990) Speciation by hybridization in phasmids and other insects. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 68, 1747–1760. Available at http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/pdf/10.1139/z90-256
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  • Bußhard, P., Wolf, H. & Gorb, S. (2012) Adhesive and frictional properties of tarsal attachment pads in two species of stick insects (Phasmatodea) with smooth and nubby euplantulae. Zoology, 115, 135–141. Available at http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22578997/
  • Bußhardt, P., Gorb, S. & Wolf, H. (2011) Activity of the claw retractor muscle in stick insects in wall and ceiling situations. 214(10), 1676–1684. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Philipp_Busshardt/publication/51081975_Activity_of_the_claw_retractor_muscle_in_stick_insects_in_wall_and_ceiling_situations/links/569a819008ae748dfb08e01c.pdf
  • Bässler, U. & Wegner, U. (1983) Motor output of the denervated thoracic ventral nerve cord in the stick insect Carausius morosus. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 105, 127–145.
  • Bässler, U. (1983) In Neural basis of elementary behaviour in stick insects. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 1–169 pp. Available at http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-3-642-68813-3
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  • Cappe de Baillon, P. (1931) Recherches sur la Tératologie des Insects II. La descendance des monstres de Phasmides. In Encyclopédie Entomologique. Série A, XIV. Paul Lechevalier & Fils, Paris. pp. 1–301, pls 7.
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  • Fausto, A.M., Gambellini, G., Mazzini, M., Cecchettini, A., Locci, M.T., Masetti, M. & Giorgi, F. (2004) Meccanismi di utilizzazione del vitello in embrioni dell'insetto stecco Carausius morosus (Phasmatodea Lonchodinae) [Mechanisms of yolk utilization in embryos of the stick insect Carausius morosus (Phasmatodea Lonchodinae)]. Atti. del Congresso Nazionale Italiano di Entomologia, 19(1), 411–417.
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Descendants and synonyms

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Names
Rank Total Valid Invalid
species413