species

Acrophylla titan (MacLeay, 1826)

Titan Stick-insect

Acrophylla titan (MacLeay, 1826): copyright Paul D. Brock. male in nature, Deception Bay, SE Queensland, 27 December 2006. (Otu).

Acrophylla titan (MacLeay, 1826): copyright Paul D. Brock. female in nature. (Otu).

Acrophylla titan (MacLeay, 1826): copyright Paul D. Brock. egg. (Otu).

Nomenclature (58)

Phasma titan MacLeay, 1826: 454. (valid) Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Holotype; female; 1a0ed7a9-3698-400d-b522-2f9ca515e2da; Australia: New South Wales: New South Wales
Phasma (Diura) titan Macleay, 1826 in Gray, 1833: 19, 26, pl. 4. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
... Show all ... (54)

Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Gray, 1835: 39. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Gray, 1837: 144. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titanus [sic] Macleay, 1826 in Serville, 1838: 233. Phylogeny or classification
Cyphocrania [sic] titan (Macleay, 1826) in Burmeister, 1838: 580. Phylogeny or classification
Diura titan (Macleay, 1826) in Guérin-Méneville, 1838: 377, pl. 485. Image or description
Acrophylla titanus [sic] Macleay, 1826 in Burmeister, 1840: 38. Phylogeny or classification
Phasma (Cyphocrania) [sic] titan Macleay, 1826 in Haan, 1842: 129.
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Westwood, 1859: 114. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Saussure, 1872: pl. 4:25. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Rainbow, 1897: 40. Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Tepper, 1903: 280. Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Kirby, 1904: 388. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Froggatt, 1907: 35. Image or description
Vetilia titan (Macleay, 1826) in Redtenbacher, 1908: 464. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brewster, Brewster & Crouch, 1920: 38. Specimen or distribution
Vetilia titan (Macleay, 1826) in Musgrave, 1922: 180, fig. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in McKeown, 1940: 126, fig. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in McKeown, 1945: 46. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Key, 1960: 236. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in China & Riley, 1962: 19. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Heather, 1965: 33. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Key, 1970: 351, fig. 22.3h. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Craddock, 1972: 448. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Bedford, 1978: 136. Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Sellick, 1980: 113, fig. 63. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Vickery, 1983: 3. Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Masetti, 1987: 150. Structure
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Scali & Mazzini, 1987: 163. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Carlberg, 1987: 48. Structure
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in O'Toole, 1990: 36, fig. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock, 1994: 61. Behavior; Image or description; Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock, 1995: 26. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Ryan, 1995: 74, fig. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Carwardine, 1995: 234. Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Seow-Choen, 1996: 24, fig.. Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Rentz, 1996: 250, 254. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Hughes, 1996: 38, fig.. Behavior; Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Sellick, 1998: 224. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Balderson, Rentz & Roach, 1998: 361. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock, 1999: 21, pl. 5c. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Seiler, Bradler & Koch, 2000: 41, figs. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Baxter, 2002: 5. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock, 2003: 61, pl. 4a-b. Image or description; Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 41. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007: 72. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Buckley, Attanayake & Bradler, 2009: 1058. Phylogeny or classification
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock & Hasenpusch, 2009: vi, 95, figs., 164. Image or description; Behavior; Phylogeny or classification; Life history
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Harman, 2012: 16. Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock, 2013: 9. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock & Hasenpusch, 2015: 61, 62. Image or description
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Rudolf & Brock, 2017: e.T78791411A78792127. Ecological data; Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock & Büscher, 2022: 451, 557, figs. Image or description; Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Brock & Coupland, 2022: 36, figs. Image or description; Specimen or distribution
Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Coupland, 2022: 3, figs. Image or description; Behavior

Acrophylla titan (Macleay, 1826) in Coupland & Emmott, 2025: 374. Phylogeny or classification; Image or description
Acrophylla titanus [sic] Macleay, 1826 (misspelling of Phasma titan MacLeay, 1826)

Nomenclature references (57)

Balderson, J., Rentz, D.C.F. & Roach, A.M.E. (1998) Phasmatodea. In W.W.K. Houston & A. Wells (Eds.). Zoological Catalog of Australia. Vol. 23. Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Blattodea, Isoptera, Mantodea, Dermaptera, Phasmatodea, Embioptera, Zoraptera. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. pp. 347–376, 451–456.
Baxter, R.N. (2002) Rearing Stick and Leaf Insects. Chudleigh Publishing, Ilford, 103 pp. Available at http://www.pemberleybooks.com/product/rearing-stick-and-leaf-insects/5624/
... Show all ... (53)

Bedford, G.O. (1978) Biology and ecology of the Phasmatodea. Annual Review of Entomology, 23, 125–149. Available at http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.23.010178.001013

Brewster, M.N., Brewster, A.A. & Crouch, N. (1920) Family Phasmidæ (Leaf and Stick Insects.). In Life Stories of Australian Insects. Dymock's Book Arcade, Sydney. 33–39 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35291#page/49/mode/1up

Brock, P.D. & Büscher, T.H. (2022) Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids. NAP Editions, France: Verrières-le-Buisson, 612 pp. Available at http://www.napeditions.com/en/67-stick-and-leaf-insects-of-the-world.html

Brock, P.D. & Coupland, R. (2022) Studying the phasmids of Springbrook Mountain, Binna Burra and surrounds, southeast Queensland. Phasmid Studies, 21, 15–74. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/367341619_Studying_the_phasmids_of_Springbrook_Mountain_Binna_Burra_and_surrounds_southeast_Queensland

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. (2007) Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa, 1570, 1–84. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/287837852_Studies_on_the_Australian_stick_insects_Phasmida_including_a_checklist_of_species_and_bibliography

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. (2009) In The Complete Field Guide to Stick and Leaf Insects of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. 204 pp. Available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/pid/6012.htm

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. (2015) Australian stick and leaf insects (Insecta, Phasmida): camouflage and natural history. In Camouflage cultures: beyond the art of disappearance. Sydney University Press, Sydney. pp. 47–64. Available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1bh4b60

Brock, P.D. (1994) Giant stick-insects in Australia: Notes on Acrophylla titan (Macleay). Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologist’s Society, 53, 61–67, pl. QQ: 5–6. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/179019#page/101/mode/1up

Brock, P.D. (1995) An introduction to the world of stick & leaf insects. 25-27. Insect World International, 1(1), 25–27.

Brock, P.D. (1999) In The amazing world of stick and leaf-insects. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, Orpington. Vol. 26, 1–165; 40 pp color plates. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/the-amazing-world-of-stick-and-leaf-insects.html

Brock, P.D. (2003) Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. Revised Edition. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, London, Vol. 22, 89 pp. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/rearing-and-studying-stick-and-leaf-insects.html

Brock, P.D. (2013) Phasmid Books - Gray 1833. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 130, 9. Available at http://phasmidstudygroup.org/files/PSG_Newsletters/Newsletter_130.pdf

Buckley, T.R., Attanayake, D. & Bradler, S. (2009) Extreme convergence in stick insect evolution: phylogenetic placement of the Lord Howe Island tree lobster. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 1055–1062. [2008] Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/23763933_Extreme_convergence_in_stick_insect_evolution_Phylogenetic_placement_of_the_Lord_Howe_Island_tree_lobster

Burmeister, H.C.C. (1838) In Handbuch der Entomologie. T.C.F. Enslin, Berlin. Vol. 2, 457–756 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8135

Burmeister, H.C.C. (1840) Audinet-Serville, histoire naturelle des Orthoptères. Paris. 1839. 8 verglichen mit H. Burmeister, Handbuch d. Entomologie II. Bd. 2. Abth., 1. Halfte, (vulgo Orthoptera). Berlin 1838. 8. Germar’s Zeitschrift für die Entomologie, 2, 1–82. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/79083#page/7/mode/1up

Carlberg, U. (1987) Evolutionary and ecological aspects on ovarian diversity in Phasmida (Insecta). Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 114, 45–63.

Carwardine, M. (1995) In The Guinness Book of Animal Records. Guinness Publishing.

China, W.E. & Riley, N.D. (1962) Opinion 641. Addition of certain generic and specific names in the family Phasmatidae (Insecta, Phasmatodea) to the official lists and indexes. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 19(5), 274–279. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12221157#page/318/mode/1up

Coupland, R. & Emmott, A. (2025) A new giant species of Acrophylla Gray, 1835 (Phasmida: Phasmatidae: Phasmatini) from the highlands of the Wet Tropics, Queensland, Australia. Zootaxa, 5647(4), 371–383. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/392735164_A_new_giant_species_of_Acrophylla_Gray_1835_Phasmida_Phasmatidae_Phasmatini_from_the_highlands_of_the_Wet_Tropics_Queensland_Australia

Coupland, R. (2022) Observations on phasmid populations in Southeast Queensland, Australia following drought and subsequent rain events in the summer of 2019/2020. Phasmid Studies, 21, 4–14. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/367339492_Observations_on_phasmid_populations_in_Southeast_Queensland_Australia_following_drought_and_subsequent_rain_events_in_the_summer_of_20192020

Craddock, E. (1972) Chromosonal diversity in the Australian Phasmatodea. Australian Journal of Zoology, 20, 445–462. Available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/zo/zo9720445

de Haan, W. (1842) Bijdragen to de kennis der Orthoptera. In Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlansche Overzeesche Bezittingen. In commissie bij S. en J. Luchtmans, en C.C. van der Hoek, Leiden. Vol. 3, pp. 95–138. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/200624#page/577/mode/1up

Froggatt, W.W. (1907) Family 7. Stick and Leaf Insects. In Australian Insects. W. Brooks, Sydney. 34–39 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/82061#page/7/mode/1up

Gray, G.R. (1833) The Entomology of Australia, in a series of monographs. Part 1 containing the monograph of the genus Phasma. G.R. Gray, also sold at Longman & Co., London. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/164945#/summary

Gray, G.R. (1835) Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae. Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, London, 48 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8697

Gray, G.R. (1837) Description of some singularly formed Orthopterous insects. Magazine of Natural History and Journal of Zoology, Botany, Mineralogy, Geology and Meteorology, 1(1), 141–145. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/19588#page/162/mode/1up

Guérin-Méneville, F.E. (1838) In Dictionnaire pittoresque d'histoire naturelle et des phénomènes de la nature. Paris. Vol. 7. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/111205#page/559/mode/1up

Harman, A.J.E. (2012) The Development of the Phasmid Species List Part Four: PSG No.151 – PSG No.200. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 129, 16–18.

Heather, N.W. (1965) Studies on female genitalia of Queensland Phasmida. Journal of the Entomological Society of Queensland, 4, 33–38. Available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-6055.1965.tb00643.x

Hughes, L. (1996) When an insect is more like a plant. Nature Australia, 1996 (Autumn), 30–38.

Key, K.H.L. (1960) Proposed addition of certain generic and specific names in the Family Phasmatidae (Class Insecta, Order Phasmatodea) to the official lists and indexes. Z.N.(S.) 1167. The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 17(6-8), 235–240. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12220208#page/265/mode/1uphttp://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12220208#page/265/mode/1up

Key, K.H.L. (1970) In The Insects of Australia, A textbook for students and research workers. 1st Edition. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne. 348–359 pp.

Kirby, W.F. (1904) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). The Trustees of the British Museum, London, Vol. 1, 501 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/29661

MacLeay, W.S. (1826) Annuloso, Catalogue of Insects, collected by Captain King, R.N. In Narrative of a survey of the Intertropical, and Western Coasts of Australia performed between the years 1818 and 1822. With an appendix, containing various subjects relating to hydrography and natural history. J. Murray, London. . Vol. 2, pp. 438–469, Table B. [1827] Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/228738#page/476/mode/1up

Masetti, M. (1987) A comparative analysis of vitellins in stick insects. In M. Mazzini & V. Scali (Eds.). Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena. University of Siena. pp. 149–156. [1986]

McKeown, K.C. (1940) Australian Insects. VIII. Orthoptera: 3. Stick and Leaf Insects. The Australian Museum Magazine, 7(4), 125–130. Available at http://media.australian.museum/media/dd/Uploads/Documents/29315/AMS368_V7-4_lowres.efa34ee.pdf?_ga=2.260947277.1196010299.1608472657-667847258.1607193162

McKeown, K.C. (1945) Stick and Leaf Insects. In Australian Insects. An introductory handbook, 2nd Edition. Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales, Sydney. 43–47 pp.

Musgrave, A. (1922) Stick and Leaf Insects. The Australian Museum Magazine, 1(6), 177–181. Available at http://media.australian.museum/media/dd/documents/AMS368_V1-6_lowres.89fee3d.pdf?_ga=2.1424881.1196010299.1608472657-667847258.1607193162

O'Toole, C. (1990) In Insects and spiders. Encyclopedia of the Animal World. Facts on File Ltd, Oxford.

Otte, D. & Brock, P.D. (2005) In Phasmida Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the world. The Insect Diversity Association at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. 414 pp. Available at http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/24725959-phasmida-species-file

Rainbow, W.J. (1897) Description of two new Australian Phasmas, together with a synopsis of the Phasmidae in Australia. Records of the Australian Museum, Sydney, 3, 34–44, pls. 9–10. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6951489/#page/58/mode/1up

Redtenbacher, J. (1908) Phasmidae Anareolatae (Phibalosomini, Acrophyllini, Necrosciini). In Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden: Vol. III. Verlag Engelmann, Leipzig. 339–589, pls 16–27. [in German] Available at http://www.archive.org/details/DieInsektenfamilieDerPhasmiden.Vol.Iii.PhasmidaeAnareolatae

Rentz, D.C.F. (1996) Grasshopper country. The abundant orthopteroid insects of Australia. Orthoptera; grasshoppers, katydids, crickets. Blattodea; cockroaches. Mantodea; mantids. Phasmatodea; stick insects. University of New South Wales Press, Sydney, 284 pp. Available at http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=G0Z2wY2B2ncC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Grasshopper+country

Rudolf, E. & Brock, P.D. (2017) Acrophylla titan. Available at http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/78791411/0

Ryan, M. (1995) In Wildlife of Greater Brisbane: Vol. 75, figs. Queensland Museum, Brisbane.

Saussure, H.L.F.de (1872) Etudes sur les insectes orthoptères. Familles des phasmides et des mantides. In M. Edwards (Ed.). Etudes sur les insectes orthoptères. Mission scientifique au Mexique et dans l’Amérique Centrale. Recherches zoologiques. Imprimerie impériale, Paris. Vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 125–201, pl. 3–4. [1870; in French] Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/207775#page/139/mode/1up

Scali, V. & Mazzini, M. (1987) Ootaxonomy in stick insects. In M. Mazzini & V. Scali (Eds.). Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena. University of Siena. pp. 157–168. [1986]

Seiler, C., Bradler, S. & Koch, R. (2000) In Phasmiden Pflege und Zucht von Gespenstschrecken, Stabschrecken und Wandelnden Blattern im Terrarium. bede-Verlag GmbH, Ruhmannsfelden. 144 pp. [in German]

Sellick, J.T.C. (1980) A study of the eggs of the insect order Phasmida with particular reference to establishing the taxonomic value of egg structure in this group. UNPUBLISHED. PhD thesis. University of London. Available at http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.281183

Sellick, J.T.C. (1998) The micropylar plate of the eggs of Phasmida, with a survey of the range of plate form within the order. Systematic Entomology, 23, 203–228. Available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1365-3113.1998.00056.x

Seow-Choen, F. (1996) Reproductive behaviour in Stick-insects. Insect & Invertebrate World International, 1(6), 23–25.

Serville, J.G.A. (1838) Histoire naturelle des insectes. Orthoptères. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, i-xviii, 1–776, pl. 1–14. [1839] Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54314

Tepper, J.G.O. (1903) List of described genera and species of the Australian and Polynesian Phasmidae (Spectre-insects). Transactions of the Royal Society of Southern Australia, 26, 278–287. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/136804#page/308/mode/1up

Vickery, V.R. (1983) Catalogue of Australian stick insects (Phasmida, Phasmatodea, Phasmatoptera, or Cheleutoptera). CSIRO Australian division of Entomology, Technical Paper No 20, 1–19. Available at http://publications.csiro.au/rpr/download?pid=procite:bc6d4d28-0bab-4f42-8f59-c5025bb110cd&dsid=DS1
Westwood, J.O. (1859) Catalogue of the orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. British Museum, London, 196 pp, 48 pl. Available at http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofortho00brituoft

Descendants and synonyms

Stats

Summary of taxonomic names by rank, showing valid extant names, fossil names, invalid names, and total counts.
Taxon	Valid names
Rank	Extant	Fossil	Invalid	Total
species	1	0	7	8