species

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855)

Lord Howe Island Stick-insect

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): Melbourne Zoo culture stock 2006. Female, dorsal view [Ball's Pyramid stock]. (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): Culture stock Melbourne Zoo 2006. Female nymph, dorsal view. (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): Melbourne Zoo culture stock 2006. Egg: dorsal view. (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): Egg showing operculum, Melbourne Zoo culture stock. Egg: view of operculum. (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): Original description from Montrouzier 1855. (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): copyright Natural History Museum, London. female (non type, Lord Howe Island). (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): copyright Natural History Museum, London. female, lateral view (non type, Lord Howe Island). (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): copyright Natural History Museum, London. male (non type, Lord Howe Island). (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): copyright Natural History Museum, London. male, lateral view (non type, Lord Howe Island). (Otu).

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855): copyright Natural History Museum, London. eggs (non type, Lord Howe Island). (Otu).

CollectionObject 1558528; NHMUK(SF IMPORT DUPLICATE) 844951, e0b7f367-cf6b-49f5-b95a-5ec7d3ee494e: copyright Natural History Museum, London. male nymph of synonym Eubulides spuria (possible holotype). (CollectionObject).

Nomenclature (64)

Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855: 81. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Syntype; male; 563537b2-37df-40c2-9db0-e037388b67af; Australia: 'House-Island' [Lord Howe Island]. Syntype; female; da2663ca-468c-4974-9231-d20be56045d8; Australia: 'House-Island' [Lord Howe Island]
Eurycantha australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Westwood, 1859: 65, pl. 1:1-2. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
... Show all ... (60)

Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855 in Etheridge, 1889: 31. Specimen or distribution
Eurycantha australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Rainbow, 1897: 38. Phylogeny or classification
Eurycantha (Karabidion) australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Sharp, 1898: 274, fig. 160. Phylogeny or classification
Karabidion australis Montrouzier, 1855 in Tepper, 1903: 284. Specimen or distribution
Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855 in Kirby, 1904: 395. Phylogeny or classification
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904: 441. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Holotype; immature; NHMUK(SF IMPORT DUPLICATE) 844951; deposited at: Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK); Australia
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904: 395. Phylogeny or classification
Carabidion [sic] australe Montrouzier, 1855 in Redtenbacher, 1908: 340. Phylogeny or classification
Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855 in Lea, 1916: 145, pl. 9:17. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Gurney, 1947: 388, figs. 10-12. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Paramonov, 1963: 361. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in McAlpine, 1967: 71. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Smithers, 1970: 252. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Key, 1970: 358. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Healy & Smithers, 1971: 24. Ecological data
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Bedford, 1978: 140. Specimen or distribution
Eurycantha australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Sellick, 1980: 112. Phylogeny or classification
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 in Vickery, 1983: 6. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Vickery, 1983: 6. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Carlberg, 1986: 9. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Carwardine, 1995: 235. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Rentz, 1996: 249, figs., 256. Image or description
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 in Balderson, Rentz & Roach, 1998: 367. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Balderson, Rentz & Roach, 1998: 367. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Brock, 1999: 26, fig 14. Image or description
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Humphrey, 2001: 6. Image or description
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Priddel, Carlile, Humphrey, Fellenberg & Hiscox, 2003: 1391. Image or description; Specimen or distribution
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 (subjective synonym of Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 131.
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Otte & Brock, 2005: 130. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Cox, 2005: 8, figs.. Image or description
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 (subjective synonym of Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) in Hennemann & Conle, 2006: 42.
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Honan, 2006: 1. Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Hennemann & Conle, 2006: 40, figs.. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Pain, 2006: 42. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Robertson, 2006: 781. Specimen or distribution
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 (subjective synonym of Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) in Brock & Hasenpusch, 2007: 72.
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Honan, 2007: 13, figs. Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Honan, 2007: 258. Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Honan, 2008: 399. Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Henderson, Henderson & Sinclair, 2008: 86, fig.. Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Buckley, Attanayake & Bradler, 2009: 1056, figs 1a-b. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Brock & Hasenpusch, 2009: 19, 35, 74-75 figs.. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification; Specimen or distribution; Life history; Behavior
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Carlile, Priddel & Honan, 2009: S124. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Egerton & Lochman, 2009: 367. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Priddel & Carlile, 2010: 17. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Lonsdale, 2010: 5. Ecological data
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Smith, 2012: 26, figs.. Image or description; Ecological data; Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Smith, 2012: 35, figs.. Image or description; Ecological data; Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Wilkinson, 2014: 1. Image or description; Ecological data; Life history
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Bradler, 2015: 1, fig.. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Cleave & Tulloch, 2015: 1. Image or description; Ecological data
Eubulides spuria Kirby, 1904 (subjective synonym of Karabidion australe Montrouzier, 1855) in Brock, Marshall, Beccaloni & Harman, 2016: 197. Phylogeny or classification; Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Mikheyev, Zwick, Magrath, Grau, Qiu, Su & Yeates, 2017: 1. Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Smith, 2017: 16. Image or description; Phylogeny or classification
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Rudolf & Brock, 2017: e.T6852A21426226. Ecological data; Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Bower, Carlile, Cleave, Haselden, Hiscox & O'Neill, 2018: 189. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Bayley, Cheng & Lynch, 2018: 719. Behavior
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Flemons, Wills, Gray, Pearce, Priebbenow, Priebbenow, Mattick, Bell, Köhler, Bower, Hutton, Bannigan & Stephens, 2018: 77, figs. Specimen or distribution
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Smith, 2019: 6, figs. Economic matters
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Tiffin, 2019: 22. Specimen or distribution

Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in O'Hanlon, Jones & Bulbert, 2020: 2, fig. Image or description
Dryococelus australis (Montrouzier, 1855) in Brock & Büscher, 2022: 469, 558, figs. Image or description; Specimen or distribution

Nomenclature references (59)

Balderson, J., Rentz, D.C.F. & Roach, A.M.E. (1998) Phasmatodea. In W.W.K. Houston & A. Wells (Eds.). Zoological Catalog of Australia. Vol. 23. Archaeognatha, Zygentoma, Blattodea, Isoptera, Mantodea, Dermaptera, Phasmatodea, Embioptera, Zoraptera. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne. pp. 347–376, 451–456.
Bayley, C., Cheng, C. & Lynch, M. (2018) Pathological and Microbiological Study of mortality in a Captive Breeding Colony of the Endangered Lord Howe Island Stick Insect (Dryococelus australis). 55(5), 719–730. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/324568013_Pathological_and_Microbiological_Study_of_Mortality_in_a_Captive_Breeding_Colony_of_the_Endangered_Lord_Howe_Island_Stick_Insect_Dryococelus_australis
... Show all ... (55)

Bedford, G.O. (1978) Biology and ecology of the Phasmatodea. Annual Review of Entomology, 23, 125–149. Available at http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.en.23.010178.001013

Bower, H., Carlile, N., Cleave, R., Haselden, C., Hiscox, D. & O'Neill, L. (2018) The path to recovery for the ‘extinct’ Lord Howe Island phasmid Dryococelus australis. In Recovering Australian Threatened Species. CSIRO Publishing. pp. 189–198. Available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/book/7705/

Bradler, S. (2015) Der Phasmatodea Tree of Life: Überraschendes und Ungeklärtes in der Stabschrecken-Evolution [The Phasmatodea Tree of Life: Surprising Facts and Open Questions in the Evolution of Stick and Leaf Insects]. Entomologie Heute, 27, 1–23. Available at http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Entomologie-heute_27_0001-0023.pdf

Brock, P.D. & Büscher, T.H. (2022) Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids. NAP Editions, France: Verrières-le-Buisson, 612 pp. Available at http://www.napeditions.com/en/67-stick-and-leaf-insects-of-the-world.html

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. (2007) Studies on the Australian stick insects (Phasmida), including a checklist of species and bibliography. Zootaxa, 1570, 1–84. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/287837852_Studies_on_the_Australian_stick_insects_Phasmida_including_a_checklist_of_species_and_bibliography

Brock, P.D. & Hasenpusch, J.W. (2009) In The Complete Field Guide to Stick and Leaf Insects of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. 204 pp. Available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/pid/6012.htm

Brock, P.D. (1999) In The amazing world of stick and leaf-insects. The Amateur Entomologists' Society, Orpington. Vol. 26, 1–165; 40 pp color plates. Available at http://shop.amentsoc.org/the-amazing-world-of-stick-and-leaf-insects.html

Brock, P.D., Marshall, J.A., Beccaloni, G.W. & Harman, A.J.E. (2016) The types of Phasmida in the Natural History Museum, London, UK. Zootaxa, 4179(2), 151–208. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/309585799_The_types_of_Phasmida_in_the_Natural_History_Museum_London_UK

Buckley, T.R., Attanayake, D. & Bradler, S. (2009) Extreme convergence in stick insect evolution: phylogenetic placement of the Lord Howe Island tree lobster. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 276, 1055–1062. [2008] Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/23763933_Extreme_convergence_in_stick_insect_evolution_Phylogenetic_placement_of_the_Lord_Howe_Island_tree_lobster

Carlberg, U. (1986) Phasmida - A biological review. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 216(1/2), 1–18.

Carlile, N., Priddel, D. & Honan, P. (2009) The recovery programme for the Lord Howe Island phasmid (Dryococelus australis) following its rediscovery. Ecological Management & Restoration, 10(Supp. 1), S124–S128. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/230017970_The_recovery_programme_for_the_Lord_Howe_Island_Phasmid_Dryococelus_australis_following_its_rediscovery

Carwardine, M. (1995) In The Guinness Book of Animal Records. Guinness Publishing.

Cleave, R. & Tulloch, C. (2015) Phasmid: Saving the Lord Howe Island Stick Insect. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, 33 pp. Available at http://www.publish.csiro.au/book/7226/

Cox, B. (2005) A trip to Melbourne. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 102, 8–9.

Egerton, L. & Lochman, J. (2009) In Wildlife of Australia. Jacana Books, Allen & Unwin, Crows Nest. Available at http://books.google.co.uk/books/about/Wildlife_of_Australia.html?id=6ZbSAwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y

Etheridge, R. (1889) The general zoology of Lord Howe Island. Australian Museum Memoirs, 2, 1–42. Available at http://journals.australian.museum/etheridge-1889-aust-mus-mem-21-142/

Flemons, P., Wills, V., Gray, D., Pearce, K., Priebbenow, Z., Priebbenow, P., Mattick, B., Bell, K., Köhler, F., Bower, H., Hutton, I., Bannigan, T. & Stephens, R. (2018) The Australian Museum Lord Howe Island Expedition 2017—Balls Pyramid Survey for Phasmids. Technical Reports of the Australian Museum, 26, 77–94. Available at http://doi.org/10.3853/j.1835-4211.26.2018.1708

Gurney, A.B. (1947) Notes on some remarkable Australasian walkingsticks, including a synopsis of the genus Extatosoma (Orthoptera: Phasmatidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 40, 373–396. Available at http://academic.oup.com/aesa/article-abstract/40/3/373/18697

Healy, A. & Smithers, C.N. (1971) In Australian insects in colour (Reeds colourbook series). A.H & A.W. Reed Pty Ltd, Sydney et al.

Henderson, A., Henderson, D. & Sinclair, J. (2008) In Bugs alive: a guide to keeping Australian invertebrates. Museum Victoria, Melbourne. Available at http://shop.minibeastwildlife.com.au/bugs-alive-a-guide-to-keeping-australian-invertebrates/

Hennemann, F.H. & Conle, O.V. (2006) Papuacocelus papuanus n. gen., n. sp. — a new Eurycanthinae from Papua New Guinea, with notes on the genus Dryococelus Gurney, 1947 and description of the egg (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae: Eurycanthinae). Zootaxa, 1375, 31–49. Available at http://www.researchgate.net/publication/263468601_Papuacocelus_Papuanus_N_Gen_N_Sp_A_New_Eurycanthinae_From_Papua_New_Guinea_With_Notes_On_The_Genus_Dryococelus_Gurney_1947_And_Description_Of_The_Egg_Phasmatodea_Phasmatidae_Eurycanthinae

Honan, P. (2006) The benefits of invertebrate medicine. The Invertebrator, Newsletter of the Invertebrate Taxon Advisory Group, 2006 July, 1–4.

Honan, P. (2007) Recovery of the Lord Howe Island Stick Insect. Butterfly & Other Invertebrates Club Inc. Newsletter, 45, 13–17.

Honan, P. (2007) The Lord Howe Island Stick Insect: An example of the benefits of Captive Management. The Victorian Naturalist, 124(4), 258–261. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51254171#page/70/mode/1up

Honan, P. (2008) Notes on the biology, captive management and conservation status of the Lord Howe Island Stick Insect (Dryococelus australis) (Phasmatodea). Journal of Insect Conservation, 12, 399–413. Available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/95300q55k66g0757/

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Key, K.H.L. (1970) In The Insects of Australia, A textbook for students and research workers. 1st Edition. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne. 348–359 pp.

Kirby, W.F. (1904) A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae). The Trustees of the British Museum, London, Vol. 1, 501 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/29661

Kirby, W.F. (1904) Notes on Phasmidae in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History), South Kensington, with descriptions of new species. - No. II. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (7)13, 429–449. Available at http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930408562475

Lea, A.M. (1916) Notes on the Lord Howe Island Phasma and on an associated longicorn beetle. Transactions of the Royal Society of Southern Australia, 40, 145–147, pl. 9–17.

Lonsdale, D. (2010) The Lord Howe Island phasmid: an update. Invertebrate Conservation News, 61, 5–7.

McAlpine (1967) Rediscovery of Lord Howe Island Phasmid. Australian Entomological Society News Bulletin, 2(3), 71.

Mikheyev, A.S., Zwick, A., Magrath, M.J.L., Grau, M.L., Qiu, L., Su, Y.N. & Yeates, D.K. (2017) Museum Genomics Confirms that the Lord Howe Island Stick Insect Survived Extinction. Current Biology, 27, 1–5. Available at http://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdf/S0960-9822(17)31098-9.pdf

Montrouzier, P. (1855) Essai sur la faune de l´ile de Woodlark ou Moiou. Annales des la Société d’agriculture de Lyon, (2)7, 1–5, 79–90. Available at http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5489639w/f8.item

O'Hanlon, J.C., Jones, B.R. & Bulbert, M.W. (2020) The dynamic eggs of the Phasmatodea and their apparent convergence with plants. The Science of Nature, 107(34), 1–12. Available at http://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-020-01690-1

Otte, D. & Brock, P.D. (2005) In Phasmida Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the world. The Insect Diversity Association at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. 414 pp. Available at http://www.goodreads.com/book/show/24725959-phasmida-species-file

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Smith, M. (2012) David Attenborough Travels Down Under to Meet Stick Insect Back From Extinction. The Phasmid Study Group Newsletter, 129, 35–36, figs.

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Tiffin, H. (2019) Many Happy Returns: Eradication, Re-Wilding and the Case of Lord Howe Island. Animal Studies Journal, 8(1/19), 8–29. Available at http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1424&context=asj

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Wilkinson, R. (2014) Return of the Phasmid: Australia's rarest insect fights back from the brink of extinction. Media Dynamics, China, 150 pp.

Descendants and synonyms

Stats

Summary of taxonomic names by rank, showing valid extant names, fossil names, invalid names, and total counts.
Taxon	Valid names
Rank	Extant	Fossil	Invalid	Total
species	1	0	6	7