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species Clitarchus hookeri (White, 1846)

• Common name(s):  Smooth Stick-insect; The Common Stick-insect
• Images: (49) See all images

  specimen

• Distribution:
  •  New Zealand; also England (Isles of Scilly). New Caledonia [in error]
• Ecology:
  • Terrestrial.
• Specimen records are available.
• Citations (106):
  • White, A. 1846. In Richardson & J.E. Gray. The Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S. Erebus and Terror, 2. Insects of New Zealand 24, pl. 6:6   >> Phasma hookeri    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5370
  • Westwood. 1859. Catalogue of the orthopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part I. Phasmidae. 14   >> Bacillus hookeri    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5371
  • Stål. 1875. Öfversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Förhandlingar 32:83   >> Clitarchus hookeri    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:5369
  • Hutton, F.W. 1881. Catalogues of the New Zealand Diptera, Orthoptera, Hymenoptera; with Descriptions of the Species 74   >> Bacillus hookeri
  • Hutton, F.W. 1898. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, Wellington 30:163   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Hutton, F.W. 1899. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute, Wellington 31:54   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Tepper. 1903. Transactions of the Royal Society of Southern Australia 26:280   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Kirby, W.F. 1904. A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae) 1:339   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brunner von Wattenwyl. 1907. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden. II. Phasmidae Anareolatae (Clitumnini, Lonchodini, Bacunculini). Phasmiden:236   >> Note: male >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Günther. 1932. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum, Berlin 17:756   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Salmon. 1955. Transactions of the Royal Society, New Zealand 82(5):1189   >> Note: parthenogenesis >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Salmon. 1955. Tuatara 5:78   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Nakata. 1961. Pacific Insects Monograph 2:116   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Ragge. 1965. Grasshoppers, crickets and cockroaches of the British Isles 39 >> Note: in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Stringer. 1968. Aspects of reproduction and development in Clitarchus hookeri White 1   >> Note: Reproduction and development in UNPUBLISHED THESIS >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Stringer. 1969. Tane 15:41   >> Note: Blastokinenesis and embryology >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Stringer. 1970. New Zealand Entom. 4:85   >> Note: Nymphal stages >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Crotch & et al. 1970. Rearing Stick Insects 10 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Ragge. 1973. Entomol. Gaz. 24:228 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Sellick. 1975. AES Exotic Entomology Group 1975(3):1 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Wise. 1977. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum 11:51   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Bedford. 1978. Annual Review of Entomology 23:127   >> Note: Embryological development >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Sellick. 1980. University of London, Unpublished thesis 140, fig. 84   >> Note: Egg [unpublished thesis] >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Parfitt. 1980. The cytology and feulgen-DNA microdensitometry of some New Zealand stick insect species (Phasmatodea: Phasmatidae) 1   >> Note: diploid >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1984. PSG Newsletter 20:2 >> Note: in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Turk. 1985. The Entomologist's Record 97(129-130):129   >> Note: in Cornwall, UK [in part; mainland records & Ireland relate to Acanthoxyla inermis - Brock] >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1985. The Phasmid Rearer’s Handbook (Stick Insects and Leaf Insects) 5, fig >> Note: Egg >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1986. PSG Newsletter 26:2 >> Note: in UK, but not specimens in Falmouth >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Carlberg. 1986. Zool. Anz. 216(1/2):3 >> Note: Biology >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1987[1986]. In Mazzini & Scali [Ed.]. Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena 131   >> Note: Diagnosis; in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Carlberg. 1987. Z. Versuchstierkd. 29:49 >> Note: Culturing phasmids for experiments >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Carlberg. 1987. Zool. Jb. Syst. 114:47 >> Note: Ovarian structure >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Sellick. 1988. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 93:280   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Marshall, J.A. & Haes. 1988. Grasshoppers and allied insects of Great Britain and Ireland 143, figs   >> Note: in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1989. PSG Newsletter 38:17 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Haes. 1990. Cornish Biological Records 12 32 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Salmon. 1991. The stick insects of New Zealand 83 >> Note: Figs, egg >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1991. Stick-insects of Britain, Europe and the Mediterranean. 56, figs >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Cooper. 1992. Secret Nature of the Channel Shore 174-175, fig >> Note: Reference to Smooth Stick-insect in Tresco [no reference to scientific name]
  • Haes. 1992. British Wildlife 3(6):372 >> Note: in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1992. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 59   >> Note: Rearing >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1995. Brics Journal, University of Exeter 1:11 >> Note: In Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 1995. Phasmid Studies 4(1):15   >> Note: in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley. 1995. An allozyme study of stick insects (Insecta: Phasmida) from the Wellington area 12   >> Note: [unpublished thesis] >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Haes & P.T. Harding. 1997. Atlas of grasshoppers, crickets and allied insects in Britain and Ireland 52   >> Note: in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1997. Phasmid Studies 6(1):22   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Alderton. 1997. Your first stick insect 16, fig >> Note: As 'Smooth Stick Insect'
  • Lee, M. 1998. Phasmid Studies 7(1):18   >> Note: In Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Sellick. 1998. Systematic Entomology 23:225   >> Note: Micropylar plate >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 1999. Amateur Entomologist 26:79, pl. 5b   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Marshall, J.A. 1999. In Barnard [Ed.]. Identifying British Insects and Arachnids 36 >> Note: in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Haes. 1999. CISFBR Occasional Publication No. 1 62 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Harman. 2000[1999]. Phasmid Studies 8(1&2):16   >> Note: in checklist of Oceania phasmids (update of Nakata 1961) >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Jewell & Brock. 2003[2002]. Jour. of Orthoptera Res. 11(2):195   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2003. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 61   >> Note: rearing >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Otte & Brock. 2005. Phasmida Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the world 96   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick & Morgan-Richards. 2005. Reed Children's Books 11, 28   >> Note: photo of specimen in mouth of chaffinch >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick, Goldberg & Morgan-Richards. 2005. Zoologica Scripta 34(5):483   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Morgan-Richards & Trewick. 2005. Molecular Ecology 14:2135   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2006. PSG Newsletter 107:22 >> Note: in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley, Attanayake, D. Park, Ravindran, Jewell & Normark. 2008. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48:335   >> Note: hybridization >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick, Morgan-Richards & L.J. Collins. 2008. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 48(3):802   >> Note: Phylogenetic analysis >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2009. PSG Newsletter 119(15-20):17 >> Note: UK distribution update >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley, Attanayake & Bradler. 2009[2008]. Proc. R. Soc. B. 276:1058   >> Note: In phylogenetic tree >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley, Marske & Attanayake. 2010. J. Biogeogr. 37:682   >> Note: biogeographic history >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Morgan-Richards, Trewick & Stringer. 2010. Molecular Ecology 19:1227   >> Note: Geographic parthenogenesis >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Rasplus & Roques. 2010. In Roques, Kenis, Lees, Lopez-Vaamonde, Rabitsch, Rasplus & David Roy [Ed.]. Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe 4(2):812   >> Note: alien species in Europe >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Harman. 2011. PSG Newsletter 125:7   >> Note: PSG culture stock origin >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Barnard. 2011. The Royal Entomological Society Book of British Insects 65   >> Note: in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2012. PSG Newsletter 129:27 >> Note: UK distribution update >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Dunning, A.B. Dennis, G. Thomson, B.J. Sinclair, Newcomb & Buckley. 2013. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13:215   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2014. A comprehensive guide to insects of Britain & Ireland 36, figs   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick & Morgan-Richards. 2014. NZ Wildlife. Introducing the weird and wonderful character of natural New Zealand 110, 122, fig   >> Note: distribution map >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2014. PSG Newsletter 133:16, figs >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley, Myers & Bradler. 2014. Zootaxa 3900(4):454, figs   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Buckley, Hitchmough, Rolfe & Stringer. 2014. New Zealand Threat Classification Series 15 3   >> Note: Not Threatened >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2015. PSG Newsletter 134:10, figs   >> Note: in Wellington area >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock & Jewell. 2015. PSG Newsletter 134:14   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Smith, M. 2015. PSG Newsletter 135(8):8 >> Note: attacked by Vespula germanica >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Gillam, Hansen & McCleland. 2015. PSG Newsletter 135:13 >> Note: art display >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2015. PSG Newsletter 135:23 >> Note: UK distribution update >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Myers, Buckley & Holwell. 2015. Behaviour 152:1325   >> Note: Mate detection and seasonal variation >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Dennis, A.B., Dunning, B.J. Sinclair & Buckley. 2015. Sci. Rep. 5(13965):3   >> Note: cold adaptation >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Sutton. 2015. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR187 50   >> Note: Status in UK >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2016. PSG Newsletter 136:16 >> Note: attacked by Vespula germanica >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2016. PSG Newsletter 136:19 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Wu, C., Crowhurst, A.B. Dennis, Twort, S. Liu, Newcomb, Ross & Buckley. 2016. PLoS ONE 11(6):1   >> Note: gene identification >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock, J.A. Marshall, Beccaloni & Harman. 2016. Zootaxa 4179(2):176   >> Note: type data >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Morgan-Richards, Hills, Biggs & Trewick. 2016. PLoS ONE 11(5):1   >> Note: hybrid hypothesis >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Myers, Buckley & Holwell. 2016. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 70(9):1547   >> Note: Male genital claspers >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Wu, C., Twort, Crowhurst, Newcomb & Buckley. 2017. BMC Genomics 18:1   >> Note: Genomes >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Myers, Holwell & Buckley. 2017. J. Biogeogr. 44(9):2069   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock, M. Lee, Morgan-Richards & Trewick. 2018[2017]. Atropos 60:16, figs   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick & Morgan-Richards. 2018. Antenna 42(1):11, fig   >> Note: Geographical parthenogenesis >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2018. PSG Newsletter 140:25 >> Note: in Britain >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Nakano. 2018. Male mate choice in the stick insect Clitarchus hookeri: sexual vs. parthenogenetic females 1   >> Note: Unpublished thesis on male mate choice >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Nakano. 2019. Metaleptea 39(1):6   >> Note: Male mate choice >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Nakano, Morgan-Richards, Godfrey & A.C. McCormick. 2019. Insects 10(7):1   >> Note: Parthenogenetic females maintain sexual traits >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Morgan-Richards, Langton-Myers & Trewick. 2019. Molecular Ecology 2009(00):1   >> Note: Reproductive strategy; likely origin of UK population >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Trewick & Morgan-Richards. 2019. Wild Life New Zealand. 2nd Edition 112, figs   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Smith, M. 2019. PSG Newsletter 143:10, fig >> Note: Notes on media headlines >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • O'Hanlon, B.R. Jones & Bulbert. 2020. The Science of Nature 107(34):2   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock. 2021. Britain's Insects: A Field Guide to the Insects of Great Britain and Ireland 122, figs   >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Wu, C., Twort, Newcomb & Buckley. 2021. Genome Biology and Evolution 1   >> Note: Divergent gene expression >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Lee, M. 2021. PSG Newsletter 146:30 >> Clitarchus hookeri
  • Brock & Büscher. 2022. Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids pl. 9, 16.1, 27.1 & 41, 462, 557, figs   >> Note: Species account; checklist of world species >> Clitarchus hookeri
• Type specimen information:
  • Type locality: Australasia, New Zealand
  • Kind of type:  holotype
  • Specimen category:  Female
  • Location of type:  NHMUK London NH Mus.

• synonym coloreus (Colenso, 1885)
• synonym interruptelineatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
• synonym laeviusculus Stål, 1875
• synonym minimus (Colenso, 1885)
• synonym multidentatus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907
• synonym reductus Hutton, 1899
• synonym tuberculatus Salmon, 1991

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