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species Clonopsis gallica (Charpentier, 1825)

• Common name(s):  French Stick-insect
• Images: (18) See all images

  specimen

• Distribution:
  •  Croatia, France (including Corsica), Italy (including Sicily, Sardinia and most of the minor islands), Netherlands, Portugal (including Azores), Spain (including Majorca and Tenerife), Madeira, Tenerife, North-Western Africa: Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia. Also in Jersey and England
• Ecology:
  • Terrestrial.
• Specimen records are available.
• Citations (147):
  • Charpentier. 1825. De Orthopteris Europaeis. Horae Entomologicae. 94   >> Phasma gallicum    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:7783
  • Audinet-Serville. 1831. Annales des Sciences naturelles, Zool. Paris 22:65   >> Bacillus gallicus    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:7784
  • Gray, G.R. 1835. Synopsis of the species of insects belonging to the family of Phasmidae 20   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Burmeister. 1838. Handbuch der Entomologie 2:561   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Burmeister. 1840. Germar’s Zeitschrift für die Entomologie 2:40   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Duncan. 1840. The Naturalist's Library: Entomology, Vol. 28 242   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Charpentier. 1841. Germar’s Zeitschrift für die Entomologie 3:302   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Fischer. 1853. Orthoptera Europaea 141, pl. 8:11   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1876. An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 5:274   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1878. Catalogus Orthopterorum Europae et confinium 6 >> Note: in catalogue of Orthoptera in Europe >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1878. An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 7:91   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Krauss, H.A. 1878. S.B. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Nat. Kl. 1 78:472 >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Martorell y Peña. 1879. Catálogos sinonímicos de los insectos encontrados en Cataluña, aumentados con los recientemente hallados por el autor en los diversos órdenes de los coleópteros 102 >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Brunner von Wattenwyl. 1882. Prodromus der europäischen Orthopteren 76   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Pantel. 1890. An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19:393, 422, pl. 4:11-12   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Dominique. 1896. Bull. Soc. sc. nat. Ouest 6(2) >> Note: Parthenogenesis >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1897. Ann. Scienc. Natur. 4(4):210   >> Note: in catalogue of Iberian Orthoptera >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1897. Actas de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural 26:242   >> Note: Parthenogenesis >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Brunn. 1897. Jahrbuch der Hamburgischen Wissenschaftlichen Anstalten 15:147   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • François. 1899. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 1899(20) >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Sinéty. 1900. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr.(May1900):195 >> Note: parthenogenesis >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Piel de Churchville, T & T. Piel de Churchville. 1900. Extrait des Miscellanea Entomologica 8(1):3 >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Jacobson [also spelt as Yakobson] & V.L. Bianchi. 1902. Orthoptera and Pseudoneuroptera of the Russian Empire. Priamokrylyia I lozhnostchatokrylyia Rossiskoi imperii 161 >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Kirby, W.F. 1904. A synonymic catalogue of Orthoptera. 1. Orthoptera Euplexoptera, Cursoria et Gressoria. (Forficulidae, Hemimeridae, Blattidae, Mantidae, Phasmidae) 1:334   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Redtenbacher. 1906. Die Insektenfamilie der Phasmiden 1:35   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Pantel & Sinéty. 1908. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 147:1 >> Note: Parthenogenesis >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bérenguier. 1909. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 73 >> Note: male >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bérenguier. 1909. Bull. Soc. Étude Sc. Nat. Nimes 1909:44 >> Note: Various studies, rearing, parasites, distribution >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Burr. 1910. A Synopsis of the Orthoptera of Western Europe 24 >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bérenguier. 1910. Bull. Soc. Étude Sc. Nat. Nimes 1910:76 >> Note: Further studies >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bérenguier. 1911. Bull. Soc. Étude Sc. Nat. Nimes 1911:18 >> Note: Further studies >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1914. Memorias de la Real Sociedad española de Historia Natural 8(5):182   >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Pantel. 1915. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 1915:96 >> Clonopsis gallica    urn:lsid:Phasmida.speciesfile.org:TaxonName:7782
  • Chopard. 1918. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 43:168   >> Note: Gynandromorphs >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Chopard. 1920. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 232   >> Note: Male >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Gélin. 1920. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 1920:218 >> Note: Biology >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bolívar [Y Urrutia]. 1926. Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 26:99   >> Note: in Spain >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Ramme. 1927. Eos 1927(3):158 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Krauss, H.A. 1928. Entomologische Mitteilungen 17(2):144 >> Note: in Mallorca >> Clonopsis gallicus
  • Cappe de Baillon & Vichêt. 1935. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France: revue d´entomologie générale 104:269 >> Note: Male >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Cappe de Baillon, Favrelle & Vichêt. 1935. Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg. 69:1 >> Note: Parthenogenesis >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Cappe de Baillon & Vichêt. 1939. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 209:525 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Castellani. 1941. Estratto dalle Memorie delle Societa Entomologica Italiana 20:110 >> Note: in Lazio >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Chopard. 1943. Orthoptéroïdes de l’Afrique du Nord. Faune de l’Empire Français 92 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Benazzi. 1945. Atti Accademia dei Fisiocritici Sezione Agraria 10:20 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Chopard. 1951. Faune de France 56, Orthoptéroides 64   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1952. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 235:1338 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1953. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 236:2447 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1954. Bull. Biol. Fr. Belg. 1954(2):101 >> Note: Detailed studies including diapause >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1954. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 239:196 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1954. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 238:625 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Voy. 1955. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences 240:681 >> Note: Regeneration >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Chopard. 1955. Atlas des Apterygotes et Orthopteroides de France 44 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brangham. 1962. The Naturalist's Riviera 151 >> Note: in French Riviera >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Kaltenbach. 1964. Beiträge zur Entomologie, Berlin 14(3-4):239   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. 1969. Archivio Botanico e Biogeografico Italiano 65:293 >> Note: Parthenogenesis >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali. 1969. Boll. Zool. 36:413   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Crotch & et al. 1970. Rearing Stick Insects 15 >> Note: Rearing >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Bullini, L. & A.P.B. Bullini. 1971. Atti Acc. Lincei Rend. fis. 8 51(6):563 >> Note: Reproduction >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1975. TIEG 10(1):28 >> Note: Rearing >> Clonopsis gallicus
  • Harz & Kaltenbach. 1976. Die Orthopteren Europas III 3:25 >> Note: Neotype designation; female from France: Morannes, Les Croix vertes [unnecessary designation] >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Sellick. 1976. Entomologist’s monthly Magazine 112:63 >> Note: Diagnostic characters; egg >> Bacillus gallicus
  • Scali & Mazzini. 1977. International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 6(5/6):255 >> Note: Egg; SEM studies >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bedford. 1978. Annual Review of Entomology 23:125   >> Note: Review, General >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. 1979. Atti. XI Congr. Naz. Ital. Ent. 1979:293 >> Note: Parasitization by Thrixion halidayanum >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Sellick. 1980. University of London, Unpublished thesis 173, fig. 108   >> Note: Egg [unpublished thesis] >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Llorente. 1980. Eos 54:122 >> Note: in Coto Doñana >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. 1981. Ecologia, atti. I Congr. Naz. Soc. Ital. Ecol. 1981:263 >> Note: Trophic niche >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Vanschuytbroeck & Cools. 1981. Bull. Inst. r. Sci. nat. Belg. 53(23):20   >> Note: in RBINS coll >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Haes. 1982. The Entomologist's Record 94(1-2):39   >> Note: in Brittany >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali. 1982. Natura e Montagna 29(1):41 >> Note: Egg structure and chromosome study >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali & Mazzini. 1982. Int. J. Insect Morphol. & Embryol. 11(3-4):189, figs >> Note: Egg sculpturing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali, Tognato & Marescalchi. 1983. Atti XIII Congresso Nazionale Italiano Entomologia, Sestriere. Torino 105 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L., Nascetti & A.P.B. Bullini. 1984[1983]. Atti Acc. Lincei Rend. fis. 8(3-4):169   >> Note: Hybrid origin >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. 1985. Boll. Zool. 52:123   >> Note: Hybridization >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1985. PSG Newsletter 25:3 >> Note: In culture >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1985. The Phasmid Rearer’s Handbook (Stick Insects and Leaf Insects) 17 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Carlberg. 1986. Zool. Anz. 216(1/2):3 >> Note: Biology >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. & Nascetti. 1987. Bollettino dell´Istituto di Entomologia dell´Università di Bologna 41:328   >> Note: Systematics. No subspecies recognised >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali & Mazzini. 1987[1986]. In Mazzini & Scali [Ed.]. Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena 157 >> Note: Ootaxonomy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. & Nascetti. 1987[1986]. In Mazzini & Scali [Ed.]. Stick Insects: Phylogeny and reproduction. Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Stick Insects, Siena 187 >> Note: Hydridization >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali, B. Mantovani, Mazzini, Nascetti & L. Bullini. 1987. Boll. Zool. 54:41   >> Note: Ootaxonomy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Carlberg. 1987. Z. Versuchstierkd. 29:40 >> Note: Culturing phasmids for experiments >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lelong. 1988. Imago(33):19 >> Note: in France >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Sellick. 1988. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 93:280   >> Note: In checklist of eggs studied by SEM >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. & Nascetti. 1988[1987]. In Baccetti [Ed.]. Evolutionary Biology of Orthopteroid Insects 143   >> Note: Hydridization >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Defaut. 1988. Travaux du Laboratoire d'Ecobiologie des Arthropodes Edaphique, Toulouse 6:81 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Pinedo & Llorente. 1988. Biologia Ambiental 2:416 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1989. PSG Newsletter 38:24 >> Note: Rearing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lelong. 1989. PSG Newsletter 38:18, figs >> Note: Notes in France >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. & Nascetti. 1989. In Loxdale & Hollander [Ed.]. Electrophoretic Studies on Agricultural pests 327 >> Note: Hydridization >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1989. PSG Newsletter 38:14 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • O'Toole. 1990. Insects and spiders. Encyclopedia of the Animal World 34 >> Clonopsis gallicus
  • Brock. 1991. Stick-insects of Britain, Europe and the Mediterranean. 25 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Luquet. 1991. Ent. gall. 2(4):203 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Paulian. 1991. L'Entomologiste 47(6):306 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bianchi, A.P. 1992. Caryologia 45(1):5   >> Note: Chromosomal studies >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Gangwere & Llorente. 1992. Eos 68(1):60, 74   >> Note: Distribution and habits >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Malavasi. 1992. Bulletin of the Amateur Entomologists' Society 51:209   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1992. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 13, 63   >> Note: Rearing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bullini, L. 1994. TREE 9(11):422   >> Note: Hybrid >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Failla, La Greca, Lombardo, Messina, Scali, Stefani & Taglianti. 1994. In Minelli, Ruffo & La Posta [Ed.]. Checklist delle specie delle fauna italiana 20 >> Note: in checklist of phasmids in Italy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Báez. 1995. Boln. Assoc. esp. Ent 20(1-2):252 >> Note: in Tenerife, Canary Islands >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Guye. 1995. Phasmid Studies 4(2):54   >> Note: Polyphagy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lelong. 1995. Le Monde des Phasmes 31(September):3   >> Note: Description >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Potvin, J. 1996. Phasmid Studies 5(2):55 >> Note: egg development >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Bland, Gangwere & Martín. 1996. Jour. of Orthoptera Res. 5:164, 170   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Berni. 1997. Phasmid Studies 6(1):1   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Martinez & Gauvrit. 1997. Bull. Soc. entomol. Fr. 102(4):324   >> Note: in France >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Sellick. 1998. Systematic Entomology 23:207   >> Note: Micropylar plate of eggs >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 1999. Amateur Entomologist 26:84, pl. 25a-b   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Delfosse. 2002. Le Bulletin de Phyllie 12:22 >> Note: distribution in France >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Fontana, Buzzetti, Cogo & Ode. 2002. Guida al riconoscimento e allo studio di cavallette, grilli, mantidi e insetti affini del Veneto: Blattaria, Mantodea, Isoptera, Orthoptera, Phasmatodea, Dermaptera, Embidiina [Handbook to the grasshoppers and allied insects of the Veneto region: Blattaria, Mantodea, Isoptera, Orthoptera, Phasmatodea, Dermaptera, Embiidina] 518, fig. >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 2003. Rearing and studying stick and leaf insects. The Amateur Entomologist Volume 22 68   >> Note: rearing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Collet. 2004. Le Bulletin de Phyllie 3 21:33 >> Note: gynandromorphs >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Zompro. 2004. Revision of the genera of the Areolatae, including the status of Timema and Agathemera (Insecta, Phasmatodea) 267   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Otte & Brock. 2005. Phasmida Species File. Catalog of Stick and Leaf Insects of the world 108   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Livory & Coulomb. 2005. Argiope 47:29 >> Note: life cycle and development >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Zompro. 2005. D. ent. Zs 52(2):263   >> Note: type data >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Baliteau. 2005. Insectes 136(1):Figs.   >> Note: Rearing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Vincent. 2006. Bulletin Société Linnéenne de Normandie 119:45 >> Note: in Normandy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lee, M. 2006. PSG Newsletter 107:23 >> Note: in Jersey >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Puissant. 2006. Materiaux Orthopteriques et Entomocenotiques 11:87   >> Clonopsis gallica gallica
  • Collet. 2006. Le Bulletin d'Arthropoda 27:39 >> Note: diapause >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Rabaey & Simoens. 2009. Phasma 19(75):4, figs. >> Note: rearing >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali & Milani. 2009. Ital. J. Zool. 76(3):292   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Köhler, G., Reinhardt & Wagner. 2009. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria, Genova 100:597 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Scali, Milani & Passamonti. 2010. Inv. Repr. & Develop. 54(3):143   >> Note: egg development strategy >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Narita, Pereira, Kjellberg & Kageyama. 2010. Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews 3:74   >> Note: Gynandromorphs and intersexes >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Harman. 2011. PSG Newsletter 125:11   >> Note: PSG culture stock origin >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lee, M. 2012. PSG Newsletter 129:27 >> Note: UK distribution update >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Harman. 2012. PSG Newsletter 127:14 >> Note: PSG culture stock origin >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Aguiar, Pombo & Gonçalves. 2014. Journal of Insect Science 14(49):1, figs   >> Note: in Madeira >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lee, M. 2015. PSG Newsletter 135:23 >> Note: UK distribution update >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Soskin. 2015. Metamorphosis astonishing insect transformations 50, figs   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Mûller, E. 2015. Clé de détermination des Phasmes en Région PACA - Version 1 (2015) 17   >> Note: Determination >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Milani, Scali & Passamonti. 2015. J Zoolog Syst Evol Res 53(2):116   >> Note: Androgenesis >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Sutton. 2015. Natural England Commissioned Report NECR187 50   >> Note: Status in UK >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Shelomi. 2016. Metaleptea 36(1):22   >> Note: body length >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 2017. A photographic guide to insects of southern Europe & the Mediterranean 74, figs   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Shelomi & Zeuss. 2017. Front. Ecol. Evol. 5(25):1   >> Note: Size variation >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lee, M. 2018. PSG Newsletter 140:25 >> Note: in Britain >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Houard, Gadoum, Cardinal, Monsavoir & Rabinovitch. 2018. OPIE 20   >> Note: Paris area, Red list - Data Deficient >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Noordijk, Heijerman, Morssinkhof & Winkel. 2020. Ent. Berichten 80(1):2   >> Note: in Netherlands >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock. 2021. Britain's Insects: A Field Guide to the Insects of Great Britain and Ireland 124, fig   >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Lee, M. 2021. PSG Newsletter 146:30 >> Clonopsis gallica
  • Brock & Büscher. 2022. Stick and leaf-insects of the world, Phasmids 283, 505, figs   >> Note: Species account; checklist of world species >> Clonopsis gallica
• Type specimen information:
  • Type locality: Europe, Southwestern Europe, France, Southern
  • Kind of type:  holotype
  • Specimen category:  Female
  • Location of type:  MNHU Berlin Mus.

• synonym affinis (Salfi, 1925)
• synonym granulatus (Brullé, 1832)
• synonym occidentalis (Bolívar [Y Urrutia], 1894)

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